Residency

Residency Determinations

Residency is fundamental to the tax obligations of a person in Canada.  Determination of residency is not a particularly easy exercise.  There is no definition of residency in the Income Tax Act (theITA”).  It is a mixed questions of fact and law and must be determined for each individual situation taking into consideration all the circumstances and intentions.

The determination involves applying:

  • Court developed criteria;
  • Legislation – certain deeming ITA sections; and
  • Treaty – the tie-breaker rules.

You can find additional information on our blog.

 Residency determines your Canadian tax obligations

Tax residency will mean a difference between being liable for income tax on your worldwide income and or on income you earn only in Canada – see Tax and Tax Planning.  Tax liabilities vary for residents and non-residents of Canada when buying or selling real estate

Tax residency is different from the immigration status of an individual

An individual can be a resident of Canada for income tax purposes even if they are not a Canadian citizen or a permanent resident.  And a person who is a Canadian citizen may not be a Canadian resident for income tax purposes. 

We can assist with determination of your residency and advise you on the steps to take to establish that you are either a resident or a non-resident for tax purposes in Canada as your particular situation may require.

Contact Granville Law Group at 604-669-6580 .

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is tax residency?

Tax residency determines whether an individual is liable for income tax on their worldwide income or only on income earned in Canada.

2. How is residency determined for tax purposes?

Residency is determined through application of the court-developed criteria, specific sections of the Income Tax Act, and tie-breaker rules in tax treaties.

3. Can someone be a tax resident without being a Canadian citizen?

Yes, an individual can be a tax resident of Canada even if they are not a Canadian citizen or permanent resident.

4. What factors are considered in determining residency?

Factors include the individual’s intentions about residing in Canada, ties to Canada, and their personal, social, and economic connections.

5. What is the difference between tax residency and immigration status?

Tax residency is determined for income tax purposes, whereas immigration status is about one’s legal right to live and work in Canada.

6. Why is it important to determine tax residency accurately?

Accurate determination of tax residency impacts tax liabilities, eligibility for benefits, and compliance with Canadian tax laws.

7. What are the tax implications for non-residents?

Non-residents are typically taxed only on income earned in Canada, whereas residents are taxed on their worldwide income.

8. How can Granville Law Group assist with residency determinations?

The firm can help individuals determine their residency status and provide advice on steps to establish residency or non-residency for tax purposes.

9. What is the significance of the tie-breaker rules in tax treaties?

Tie-breaker rules in tax treaties help resolve residency conflicts when an individual qualifies as a resident in more than one country.

10. How does residency affect the buying or selling of real estate in Canada?

Tax liabilities and compliance obligations can vary significantly for residents and non-residents when buying or selling real estate in Canada.